Sciresol Sciresol http://ugit.net/publication_fsjoaj3qdho/geographical-analysis_su-zbsigk49/ Geographical Analysis XXXX-XXXX 10.53989/bu.ga.v7i1.6 Research Article Trend of registered births and deaths in Karnataka state Biradar S I 1 Gadad Ashok 2 Department of Geography, Karnataka University Dharwad, 580 003 Department of social sciences, Vijayanagar P.U. College Vidyanagar, Hubballi 7 1 29 2018 Abstract

In almost all societies of different nations a birth certificate is basic legal document that gives identity to a child and automatically bestows a number of rights to avail the opportunities, facilities and benefits. Similarly, a death certificate ensures the right to inherit property and to claim any available benefit. It is a most important aspect that the registration of births and deaths is also vital for national planning. Without knowing the size and composition of the local population it is impossible for the concerned authorities to decide how much and what type of essential services to provide? And how to pinpoint the diseases or causes that cut-short the lives or premature mortality? Without such data the policy-makers lack reliable evidence to design policies. Thus, every society requires a solid system of births and deaths registration. In view of this vital requirement the researchers in this paper have made an attempt to examine the trend of registered births and deaths in Karnataka state of Indian union.

 Keywords Registered births registered deaths still births None Introduction

The Registration of Birth and Deaths Act 1969 (Central Act No. 18 of 1969) came into force in the state with effect from 1st April 1970. The Karnataka Registration of Births and Deaths Rules, 1970 were framed and issued by Govt. of Karnataka vide Govt. Notification No. PD 172 PST (1)69 dtd. 15.12.1970, effective from 01.01.1971. These rules subsequently were amended in December 1999 as per the instructions and guidelines of Registrar General, India through the Gazette Notification No. PDS 208 SMC 99 dated 30.12.1999. Revamped system of registration of Births and Deaths is in force in Karnataka state since the 1st January of 2000 for this purpose the Govt. of Karnataka have appointed Director at state level, Deputy Commissioner at district level, village Accountants for the rural areas and various officers/inspectors for the urban areas.

In Karnataka state the Registration of Births and Deaths and still Births is compulsory and free under the RBD Acct, 1969 and rules framed there under. As per the RBD law, it is the mandatory duty of the household/family head present in the house to report the occurrence in the house of any live birth or still birth or death in various forms to the concerned local authorities within 21 days of its occurrence. After completion of the birth or death registration in prescribed forms, the certificate will be issued.

Among the determinants of population growth, the births and deaths in a

Registered birth and death rates are one of the most essential aspect to understand the births and deaths of given area in making policy decisions for socio-economic development. The births and deaths in a region provides insight into the population growth, pressure, population-resource relationships, and planning for infrastructural facilities etc. In view of this the studies on births and deaths registration in Karnataka state appears to be significant and relevant.

Study Area

The study region Karnataka state lies in the Southern part of India between 1135 N to 1830 N latitudes and between 745 East to 7835 East longitudes. The total geographical area of the state is 191791 sq.km which accounts 5.83 percent of the total geographical area of India. In terms of area it is 8th largest state and in population 9th largest in the country. The state extends North-South about 750 km and East-West about 400 km. As per the 2011 census the total population of the state is 6.11 crore,

The Karnataka state has been divided into four revenue divisions (Bengaluru, Mysuru, Belagavi and Kalaburgi), 52 sub-divisions, 30 districts, 177 taluks, 747 hoblies (revenue circles) for administrative purpose. As per the 2011 census the state has 29340 villages, 220 statutory towns and 127 census towns.

Location of Karnataka State

Objectives

The objectives of this study are: To examine the registered births trend in Karnataka state. To examine the registered deaths trend in Karnataka state. To analyse the CRS and SRS vital rates of births, still-births and deaths in Karnataka state.

 Data used and methods

The present study is purely based on the secondary source of information i.e., annual report on the registration of births and deaths act, 1969-2011. Vital statistics tables of Karnataka 1971-2011. The data has been analysed with help of simple statistical charts, graphs and maps.

 Results and Discussions Trend of registered births and deaths in Karnataka state

In the year 1971 the registered live births were 469226 and the deaths were 176160 with the vital births and deaths rates of 16.00 and 6.00 respectively (per 1000 people). These figures slightly increased to 484616 births and 179593 deaths retaining the same birth and death vital rates of 16.1 and 6.0. During 1973 to 1979 there is a steady decline in the registration of births and deaths in Karnataka state with slight fluctuations in births range of 463130-455668 and death range of 193725-163296. Consequently, the vital rates of births and deaths have also been declined from 14.94 and 6.24 in 1973 to 12.82 and 4.59 respectively in 1979. From 1980 onwards till 2011 there is a continuous increasing trend in the registered births and deaths and their vital rates except for few years in between the 30 years period.

Trend of registered births and deaths-1971-2011

The maximum number of registered births is found in the year 2011 i.e., 1108562 births and the maximum registered deaths is found in 2006 i.e., 387604 deaths.

A still birth is the death or loss of the baby before or during delivery. Both miscarriage and still birth describe pregnancy loss. The registered still birth in the state in the year 1972 were 13312. It is observable that the number of still births have been continuously decreased during the period from 1972 to 2011 with moderate level fluctuations. The general decrease in the number of still births may be the result of improved medical care facilities.

The percentage of births and deaths registered through Civil Registration System rates to sample registration system rates shows a continuous increase in the percentage registration of both births and deaths. In the year 1971 this rate was 50.5 (for births) and 40.60 for deaths which has been continuously increased and crossed 90% in the year 1998. In the year 2011 the percentage of registered births was maximum and to the extent of 99.47 percent. Similarly, the percentage of registered deaths was maximum (98.87%) in the year 2006. The overall increasing trend in the registration of births and deaths shows the increasing awareness among the people about the importance of births and deaths registration.

Vital events of registered births and deaths from 1971 to 2011

Year

Number of vital events registered

Vital rates

Percentage of CRS rates to SRS rates

Live births

Still births

Deaths

Births

Deaths

Births

Deaths

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1971

469226

9966

176160

16.00

6.00

50.50

40.60

1972

484616

13312

179593

16.10

6.00

51.10

47.20

1973

463130

11970

193725

14.94

6.24

51.70

50.30

1974

435353

10612

166102

13.74

5.24

49.10

48.10

1975

453444

10689

171857

13.97

5.29

50.40

48.10

1976

454851

10713

176061

13.68

5.30

46.40

45.30

1977

459473

9828

175824

12.92

5.17

48.20

46.20

1978

427336

4991

155489

12.22

4.44

42.00

37.30

1979

455668

7714

163296

12.82

4.59

44.70

45.00

1980

460295

7673

87556

12.68

2.41

45.90

25.10

1981

466387

7036

150526

12.56

4.06

44.40

44.60

1982

480337

4420

150008

12.66

3.96

45.40

43.00

1983

406812

5921

224115

10.51

3.21

36.10

34.50

1984

439892

6472

132568

11.14

3.35

36.80

35.00

1985

484334

2373

154186

12.03

3.83

40.60

43.50

1986

564500

5739

162700

13.65

3.93

47.40

45.20

1987

564015

4897

154018

13.40

3.66

46.40

42.10

1988

641846

5276

195787

14.98

4.57

52.20

51.90

1989

673287

4734

199766

17.68

5.09

63.10

57.80

1990

780496

5736

209873

17.61

4.73

62.90

58.40

1991

792291

4938

240206

17.65

5.35

65.60

59.40

1992

827188

5551

215666

18.00

4.69

68.50

55.20

1993

860471

3949

257133

18.34

5.48

71.90

68.50

1994

886320

5236

282180

21.60

6.90

86.70

83.10

1995

996077

5656

325279

20.34

6.64

84.40

87.40

1996

1028112

5415

336535

20.54

6.61

89.34

86.92

1997

1031329

4545

350264

20.17

6.85

88.86

90.14

1998

1042256

4213

374400

20.00

7.16

90.67

90.71

1999

997649

4473

346451

18.68

6.48

83.78

84.26

2000

1009716

5472

351736

20.04

6.98

91.07

89.48

2001

1017224

4557

365181

19.51

7.00

87.88

92.15

2002

973653

4187

355662

18.85

6.89

85.29

95.69

2003

1001749

3628

359661

19.31

6.93

88.58

96.25

2004

988520

3943

343644

18.82

6.54

90.05

94.78

2005

1007868

4538

364415

18.51

6.69

89.85

94.23

2006

1046531

5091

387604

18.95

7.02

94.28

98.87

2007

1046424

5526

381890

18.95

6.92

95.23

94.79

2008

1082450

5069

372062

19.30

6.63

97.47

89.79

2009

1076383

5729

373290

19.05

6.61

97.69

91.81

2010

1071518

6587

381743

18.29

6.51

95.26

91.69

2011

1108562

6940

384745

18.72

6.50

99.47

91.55
Registered still births: Karnataka - 1971- 2011 Conclusion

The registration of births and deaths is an important component of demographic studies and geographers are more interested in studying the demographic process and their consequences in an environmental context. When the data pertaining to the registered births and deaths in Karnataka state, it has revealed that the registration of births, and deaths has been continuously increased with slight fluctuations during the period from 1971 to 2011. It is a very good development that the both rates have shown the figures nearing 100 percent. During the same period the rate of still births has also been comedown. This trend shows more and more improvements in the accuracy and reliability levels in recording the demographic data.

References Chandna R Sidhu M Population Geography Kalyani Publications New Delhi 1980 Census Report from 1971-2011 Handbook of Karnataka State: Govt. of Karnataka 2015 Kanbargi R Fertility Differentials in Karnataka: A Census Analysis Journal of Family Welfare 1979 25 4 40 49 Report on Births and Deaths Registration: Govt. of Karnataka Publ. Bengaluru 2011 Census Report from 1971 Handbook of Karnataka State: Govt. of Karnataka-2015 Chandna R Sidhu M Population Geography Kalyani Publ New Delhi 1980 Kanbargi R Fertility Differentials in Karnataka: A Census Analysis 1979 25 40 49 Report on Births and Deaths Registration: Govt. of Karnataka Publ 2011